| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Union security agreement ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Union security agreement
A union security agreement is a contractual agreement, usually part of a union collective bargaining agreement, in which an employer and a trade or labor union agree on the extent to which the union may compel employees to join the union, and/or whether the employer will collect dues, fees, and assessments on behalf of the union.〔Pynes, Joan. ''Human Resources Management for Public and Nonprofit Organizations.'' 2d ed. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley and Sons, 2004. ISBN 0-7879-7078-6〕
==Rationale==
The free rider problem is often cited as the rationale for union security agreements. A classic study of the free rider problem is presented in Mancur Olson's 1965 work, ''The Logic of Collective Action.''〔Olson, Mancur. ''The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups.'' 18th rev. ed. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971. ISBN 0-674-53751-3〕 In labor relations, the free rider problem exists because the costs of organizing a union and negotiating a contract with the employer can be very high, and because employers will find it too costly to adopt multiple wage and benefit scales, some or all non-union members may find that the contract benefits them as well.〔Towers, Brian. ''The Representation Gap: Change and Reform in the British and American Workplace.'' Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-19-829319-4; Holley, William H.; Jennings, Kenneth M.; and Wolters, Roger S. ''The Labor Relations Process.'' 9th ed. Florence, Ky.: Cengage Learning, 2008. ISBN 0-324-42144-3; Beatty, David M. ''Putting the Charter to Work: Designing a Constitutional Labour Code.'' Toronto: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP, 1987. ISBN 0-7735-0601-2; Bar-Niv, Zvi H. ''International Labour Law Reports, Volume 8.'' Leiden, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1990. ISBN 0-7923-0429-2〕 Thus, the incentive is for some individual workers to "ride for free" by not paying the costs, which can lead to the collapse of the union and no collective bargaining agreement.〔 If the union collapses, each worker may be worse off than if the union had negotiated the agreement.〔 Union security agreements are one way of ensuring that all (or nearly all) workers pay their fair share of the costs of collective bargaining (e.g., join the union and pay dues).〔〔Not all scholars agree that a free rider problem exists in labor relations. See: Baird, Charles W. ''Opportunity or Privilege: Labor Legislation in America.'' New York: Transaction Publishers, 1984. ISBN 0-912051-02-7〕 There are alternative solutions to the free rider problem in labor relations. One solution is for the state to provide rights (such as the right to administer welfare or pension funds, or to participate in a works council) or benefits (such as unemployment insurance) only to unions or their members.〔Rothstein, Bo. "Labour-Market Institutions and Working-Class Strength." In ''Power Resources Theory and the Welfare State: A Critical Approach: Essays Collected in Honour of Walter Korpi.'' Julia Sila O'Connor and Gregg Matthew Olsen, eds. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998. ISBN 0-8020-7171-6〕〔Daubler, Wolfgang. "The Individual and the Collective: No Problem for German Labor Law?" ''Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal.'' 10:505 (Summer 1989).〕 Another solution is for unions to engage in members-only collective bargaining, which restricts the benefits of the contract to union members.〔Morris, Charles. ''The Blue Eagle At Work: Reclaiming Democratic Rights In The American Workplace.'' Ithaca, N.Y.: ILR Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8014-4317-2.〕〔Ulman, Lloyd; Eichengreen, Barry J.; and Dickens, William T. ''Labor and an Integrated Europe.'' Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1993. ISBN 0-8157-8681-6〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Union security agreement」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|